How does water jet looms work?

Here's how water jet looms work, straight from the workshop floor:

1. High pressure water jet generation
Pump pressurization: A dedicated plunger pump will soften the water pressure to several tens of kilograms and press it into the nozzle chamber through a tungsten steel pipe.
Nozzle focusing: Ceramic nozzle constriction (aperture twice as fine as yarn) compresses the water flow into a high-speed jet, piercing out like a water jet.

2. Picking and pulling of weft yarn
Weft storage device for releasing yarn: The rotating weft storage device accurately releases the set length of weft yarn, and the yarn head hangs into the water bundle path.
Hydraulic capture: The water jet instantly wraps around the yarn head and pulls the yarn forward by the viscous force of the water flow.

3. Crossing the shuttle gate
Opening of warp yarn: The lifting mechanism divides the warp yarn into upper and lower layers, forming a triangular channel.
Through flight: The water bomb carries the weft yarn in a straight line through the shuttle opening, and the weft yarn completes the crossing within 0.1 seconds.

4. Yarn fixation and cutting
Tail lock of yarn gripper: The right spring clamp grips the end of the weft yarn to prevent rebound.
Edge cutting yarn: The high-speed rotating blade is close to the fabric edge to cut the weft yarn, leaving 3cm of yarn tail for the next weft insertion.

5. Water cycle treatment
Wastewater recycling: The sprayed water falls into the diversion channel and carries cotton fibers into the filtration box.
Three layer filtration: copper mesh filter for large slag → magnetic rod for metal shavings → activated carbon for oil removal, and clean water for reuse in the storage tank.

6. Fabric dehydration
Vacuum suction: The fabric passes through a perforated stainless steel drum and is equipped with a built-in exhaust fan to remove surface water droplets.
Hot air drying: Infrared heater assists in evaporating residual moisture, ensuring that the moisture content during fabric rolling is below 8%.

Key linkage points:
Timing control: The water pump starts 0.03 seconds earlier than the opening, and the water flow can only be carried with yarn when it arrives first
Water yarn matching: The water pressure is adjusted according to the yarn count - the roving is pressurized to prevent drifting, and the fine yarn is depressurized to avoid breakage
Fault prediction: sudden increase in ground water droplets=aging of nozzle sealing ring; Water stains on the fabric surface=blockage of the dewatering roller